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In last several years,the renewable energy programs have been updated and followed continuously by the government. With the basic cycle adopted in 70�s and in some cases early 80s,a forced of research and development was in main focus on renewable energy for reducing carbon emission. Some of the private energy also has taken part in this self motivated energy. This paper gives an insight what different categories have people needed in the name of the development. Development at the cost of pollution is of great matter. Author in this paper had prepared a questionnaire and also did one to one interaction for reading peoples mind https://www.ijiert.org/paper-details?paper_id=140920

Much has been written about information and communication technology (ICT) and its development potential in areas such as poverty reduction. Debates are framed around techno-centric visions of development. This discourse on ICT-for-development (ICT4D) has opened the way for academic and policy debates surrounding ICT's potential for development in Africa. By critically engaging with these debates, this chapter entangles key issues around ICT4D ion the African continent to show how ICT might be implicated in uneven development. It then adopts the lens of South Africa to cover some ICT and poverty debates and shows that ICT is critical for development in South Africa, particularly at the individual level. The development policy prescription of the current South African government is heavily implicated towards this neoliberal line of thinking. Overall, there remains a need for further research to address how ICT can enable a change in the structural dynamics in the country that are key to poverty and inequality reduction.

In last several years, the renewable energy programs have been updated and followed continuously by the government. With the basic cycle adopted in 70's and in some cases early 80s, a forced of research and development was in main focus on renewable energy for reducing carbon emission. Some of the private energy also has taken part in this self motivated energy. This paper gives an insight what different categories have people needed in the name of the development. Development at the cost of pollution is of great matter. Author in this paper had prepared a questionnaire and also did one to one interaction forreading peoples mind.

The purpose of this study are: 1) to determine and describe the transparency and accountability of the management of social assistance expenditure; 2) to identify inhibiting factors in the implementation and administration of social assistance expenditure; 3) to provide altenative solution of the inhibiting factors. The study is descriptive with case study approach. The result shows that: 1) the transparency and accountability of the implementation and administration of social assistance expenditure in the governmental working units Sigi District has not been fully implemented; 2) the inhibiting factors in the management of social assistance expenditure in Sigi District are: the lack of understanding of the mechanism of social assistance expenditure distribution, accountability reports that are not yet in accordance with the provisions, and the lack of human resources both in quantity and quality; 3) activities need to performed are: socialization of social assistance expenditure, to increase and improve the quality of employees, verify and survey the acceptance of social assistance, and revise regulations related to the provision of social assistance.

Thomas Palley argues that the causes of the "Great Recession" are not primarily to be found in the asset bubble that was allowed to inflate in the housing market and in the financial sector. The bubbles actually reflect the longer-term basis for stagnation that originate in the macro-economic structure of the US. He presents two major dimensions of these structural problems. The first problem is the entrenchment of a "neoliberal" growth model that is hegemonic in the minds of politicians and the economics establishment that became orthodoxy in the 1980s. He then considers the second obstacle to creating a virtuous circle of demand and full employment. Secondly, Palley finds that the US model of economic engagement with the world's other economies is flawed. He ends his presentation with an alternative policy recommendation that inverts the power of corporations in favor of workers. Crisis is an inherent, inevitable, feature of capitalism in the findings of Anwar Shaikh. He demonstrates this historically by outlining its recurrence from at least two centuries of experience. Moreover, the crises are not limited to just one nation but are system-wide events. The current recession rises out of the generalized leveling off of the profit rate in the early 1980s that was achieved by driving down wages but increasing productivity. Moreover, the cost of capital has been historically low and, thus, particularly important for fueling financial bubbles. He concludes that there is little reason to believe that wages might be able to return to a greater balance with productivity growth given the power of capitalists and the growing army of reserve labor. Jeff Marick trains his lens on the corruption of Wall Street and the lack of governmental regulation of the financial sector as the two most important causes of the Great Recession. The incentives for Wall Street were at odds with a self-sustaining economy. Short-term gains, huge bonuses and gaming the sector were given priority over fiducially prudent decisions for the long-term health of financial institutions and the economy as a whole. These incentives grew out of deregulation beginning with the Reagan administration, a lack of micro-economic analysis stemming from a Grenspanian ideology of banker probity, and mass delusion that economy would continue to churn along. Madrick points to recurrent market failures from the fall of junk bond kings, to the Savings and Loans collapses, to recurrent crisis in the 1990s and the blowout of the high-tech bubble at the century's turn. Despite these warnings, the government refused to be diligent and allowed for ever-greater financial chicanery to be built with the goal of enriching corporate executives at the expense of the rest of the economy.

Dalam rentang Sejarahnya, kontribusi partai politik Islam di Indonesia dalam kehidupan berdemokrasi selalu mengalami pasang surut. Pasca turunnya Soeharto dari tampuk kekuasaan, kehadiran partai ISlam kembali menyeruak dan mewarnai kehidupan kepartaian di Indonesia. Lantas, apa saja kendala saat ini yang dihadapi partai Islam di Indonesia yang sedang menapaki masa konsolidasi demokrasi? Apa saja peran yang bisa dimainan? Inilah beberapa persoalan yang akan diurai dalam tulisan ini. Adapun titik perhatian yang akan diberikan oleh penulis adalah kontribusi partai Islam di era konsolidasi demokrasi.Kata kunci: Partai politik Islam dan Konsolidasi Demokrasi

This paper would like to see how the women organizations have tried to build prosperity for women, especially women who live in the village. Interestingly , the women organization activists seek a way out of poverty by using their own ideas, perspectives and mindset, not guided by a uniform national policy. This means the ideas are built based on local emancipation where women live day-to- day. In the author's view, one way for women to achieve prosperity is to give them a chance to work. For women , the purpose of giving the opportunity to work not only to increase revenue but also to take care of a variety of social vulnerability , especially poverty and domestic violence. Women's access to work also means the opportunity to be involved in the socio - political relations more broadly. This means that women can contribute to the development of their neighbourhood because they no longer dwell in the domestic sphere, but have enough time to interact in the public sphere , especially through the involvement in an organization. By doing so, the involvement of women in the organization has a broad meaning, not just a mere social benefit. There is a transformation of social capital, in the form of involvement in the organization, into economic capital in the form of an opportunity to engage in economic activity. However, the effort to transform social capital into economic capital is not easy . There are still unfavourable views arguing that women capability is not commensurate with men which eventually limit women to access a livelihood. Therefore, it is necessary to find a perspective that places men and women in equal and fair positions, especially in acquiring , utilizing and developing assets and accesses to economic resources , social and political . It is time for the state to formulate public policies that put women as the main actors and not merely as objects or complementary policies. In sum , this paper believes that by involving in an organization, women will have a greater opportunity to be involved in economic activities, which in turn can lead women to welfare gates .